The book tackles the lack of research on contemporary Jesuit primary and secondary schools in North and Latin America by bringing together the studies available and adding commentaries by well-known education experts. As a whole, the book pictures a tradition that is living a historical moment, akin to a crossroads.

The aim of the present research was to assess elite student-athletes’ perception of the dual career during the lockdown caused by the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic, compared with a group of elite student-athletes who could develop their dual career under normal conditions. A total of 150 elite athletes who were also undergraduate or postgraduate students self-completed the “Perceptions of dual career student-athletes ” questionnaire. From them, 78 did it during the mandatory lockdown period due to the state of emergency caused (...) by COVID-19 and 72 completed it in the previous year to Rio 2016 Olympic Games. The COVID-19 group was found to spend a significantly higher number of hours per week studying, while no significant differences were observed between groups in any training time variable. Student-athletes of the COVID-19 group showed better perception of whether their sport career could help them cope with their academic career and better general perception of remote learning and the use of tasks and videoconferencing as learning support tools. A lower percentage of athletes of the COVID-19 group than of the control group wished to continue with their sport career once they finished their studies. To conclude, student-athletes of the COVID-19 group show adaptations with regard to the organization of their studies and the importance they give to them and to the services provided by dual-career programs, compared with student-athletes from an ordinary pre-Olympic year. In general, student-athletes’ perception of the dual career is very positive. (shrink)

The dual career allows elite athletes to attain their maximum competitive and academic performance, but the COVID-19 pandemic hindered their development and changed their perception of the importance given to the sporting and educational environment. For this reason, the aim of the present study was to determine the differences in the motivations and perceived barriers, the importance given to academic qualifications, and the perception of the dual career from a multifactorial perspective, of elite athletes according to sex, type of sport (...) practiced, job performance, time of sports career, type of athlete, and type of scholarship received. A total of 100 student-athletes participated in the research study by completing the “Perceptions of dual career student-athletes” questionnaire. The results showed that athletes from individual modalities and those who did not receive any scholarships described more barriers. In addition, women studied more because they enjoyed it ; athletes from individual modalities studied to work later ; athletes who do not work perceived a greater influence between study and sports performance ; at the beginning and at the best stage of their sports career, a greater influence of academics on performance was perceived ; and athletes who considered themselves professionals, and athletes who did not receive any scholarships, reported that the conciliation between sports and academic life was difficult. The results obtained point to the importance of dual career scholarships for student-athletes, as well as the need for the programs implemented for these athletes to consider sex, sport modality or type of scholarship granted. (shrink)

This study aimed to investigate the student-athletes' capability to face the academic, sport, and social challenges during the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) lockdown and to disclose novel aspects of dual careers. A 32-item online survey encompassing demographic characteristics, sport and university engagement, support and dual-career benefits, physical activity, sitting time, and the time deemed necessary to recover the previous level of performance was developed. Four hundred sixty-seven student-athletes (males: 57%, females: 43%) from 11 countries, competing in 49 different sports (individual: (...) 63.4%, team: 36.6%) at regional (17.5%), national (43.3%), and international (39.2%) levels, and enrolled at high school (21.9%) and university (78.1%) levels completed the survey. During the lockdown, the respondents decreased the time dedicated to sport and academics, although they maintained an active lifestyle. Student-athletes from countries under severe contagion were more likely to train at home, dedicate to academics, and receive support from the coach but less likely receive support from their teachers. With respect to their team sport counterparts, athletes competing in individual sports trained more and were more likely to receive support from their coaches. International athletes showed the highest training time and support from their coaches and as student-athletes. High school students received more support from their coaches and teachers, whereas university students were more likely considering dual careers useful to cope with the COVID-19 pandemic. This study substantiates the relevant role of competitive sports participation in the maintenance of active lifestyles, with student-athletes considering home training and e-learning valuable resources during the lockdown. Furthermore, their sport and academic commitments helped student-athletes cope with the emergency of the COVID-19 pandemic. (shrink)

El presente libro constituye una interesante propuesta para enfrentar el estudio del pasado de una manera distinta a la historiografía tradicional, a la cual se la ha criticado muchas veces por su escritura compleja y por la escasa empatía que las investigaciones generan con el lector que no es especialista en este tipo de conocimientos. Es por esto que, y al igual que lo realizado en XIX Historias del siglo diecinueve chileno, los autores del texto presentan una serie de artículos (...) en los que.. (shrink)

Prolongando los trabajos de Horst Bredekamp y de Quentin Skinner, la hipótesis que pretendo defender aquí consiste en demostrar que si el célebre frontispicio que adorna el Leviatán, obra mayor del pensamiento de Hobbes, hace de la figura del Leviatán el sustento estructurante de nuestra iconografía..

According to Heidegger, Nietzsche is a light under which every contemporarythinker creates, vindicates or demolishes. In contrast with the other bigpresence of the XX century called marxism, Nietzsche’s intelectual authorityis directly performed over the most diverse authors of the whole culturalspe..

A principios del siglo XX, el escritor austriaco Robert Musil comparte, con muchos de los mis lúcidos de sus contemporáneos, el malestar producido por la constataciiin de que la creciente capacidad científica y tdcnica de la civilizaciiin, no se acompaña de una capacidad de respuesta frente r..

El problema ético de la huelga de hambre ha dado cabida a soluciones contrapuestas, incluso en el contexto de teorías éticas que rechazan el suicidio. Algunos piensan que la sola honestidad del fin subjetivo basta para justificar la acción del huelguista. Otros, aunque son minoría, sostienen que la huelga de hambre es un acto reprobable per se, porque implica un atentado directo contra la vida o salud del sujeto. En este trabajo se defiende esta última interpretación. A juicio de los (...) autores, la huelga de hambre es un caso de suicidio intencional. Luego, nunca es lícito, bajo ningún aspecto, llevar adelante una acción de esta naturaleza. (shrink)

1968 has been considered by Augusto Del Noce as “the richest year in implicit philosophy since 1945”. Indeed, the student protests of the time, far from being a circumstantial movement, constituted a rebellion against the “technocratic society”, that is, a protest against the model of society that the West built after the Second World War to oppose communism. However, this rebellion was frustrated because it assumed a large part of the criteria that had led the left to change the struggle (...) for the emancipation of the proletariat, fruit of their concern for the weak, for the banners of sexual emancipation. Del Noce warns that, lacking an adequate philosophical foundation, the May 68 movement ended up being unable to resist the instrumental rationality of the society it sought to combat. (shrink)

Este trabajo pretende justificar que, aun cuando es cierto que hay diferencias entre la filosofía aristotélica y la schmittiana, existe un punto de conexión entre ambos en lo que se refiere a la prudencia. En particular, se pretende demostrar que en la descripción que hace Schmitt de la función del juez en Ley y Juicio y en Sobre los tres modos de pensar la ciencia jurídica están presentes ideas propias de la filosofía práctica del estagirita. This work aims to justify (...) that, although it is true that there are differences between Aristotelian and Schmittian philosophy, there is a point of connection between both in what refers to prudence. In particular, we intend to demonstrate that in Schmitt's description of the role of the judge in Law and Judgment and On the three types of juristic thought ideas of the practical philosophy of the Stagirite are present. (shrink)

En su comentario a la Ética a Nicómaco, Averroes se ocupó del pasaje donde Aristóteles distingue entre las cosas que son justas por naturaleza y aquéllas que lo son en virtud de la ley. Su comentario es particularmente breve, pero plantea algunas dificultades importantes, como su alusión a un derecho naturale legale, que, según Leo Strauss, vendría a ser simplemente un derecho positivo de aceptación general. En este artículo se busca caracterizar lo justo natural y lo justo positivo en el (...) comentario de Averroes y mostrar el alcance de la variación de los criterios propios de la justicia positiva. (shrink)

This paper analyses two texts of Aquinas (Summa theologiae, I-II, q. 57, a. 5, ad 3, and Expositio libri peryermeneias I, 3, 107 ss.) where the truth of practical intellect is defined in accordance with Aristotle's account in Nicomachean Ethics, 1139a27-31. The proposed interpretation tries to show that both texts are arguably not incompatible. A last important claim is that according to the definition of practical truth practical intellect is supposed to work as a mesure for reality.

La distinción aristotélica entre lo justo por naturaleza y lo justo por ley fue objeto de una especial atención por parte de los comentaristas medievales de la Ética a Nicómaco. En este trabajo se examina la forma en que este texto fue entendido por tres comentaristas del primer tercio del siglo XIV: Radulfus Brito, Walter Burley y Geraldus Odonis. La lectura que hacen los dos primeros está notoriamente influida por Tomás, a pesar de la Condemnatio de 1277, pues entienden lo (...) justo natural a partir de su teoría de la ley natural. En cambio Odonis, que es el primer franciscano que comenta la Ética, es más original, como se observa en su idea de que en las manifestaciones de la justicia legal siempre subyacen algunos elementos naturales; en su preocupación por vincular las enseñanzas deAristóteles sobre lo justo natural con ciertos tópicos platónicos, y en su convincente explicación de los ejemplos que pone Aristóteles para explicar tanto el cambio de lo justo por naturaleza como el cambio de las cosas que son justas por ley. (shrink)

La traducción francesa de la Ética a Nicómaco que llevó a cabo Nicolás Oresme en el siglo XIV incluye unas interesantes notas explicativas del texto aristotélico. En este trabajo se expone su interpretación del pasaje de EN V 7, 1134b18-1135a5, donde se distingue entre la justicia natural y la convencional. Si bien Oresme está influido por Tomás de Aquino, su comentario muestra gran independencia de juicio y constituye un ejemplo muy interesante del tránsito entre el mundo medieval y el moderno.

The French translation of the Nicomachean Ethics done by Oresme in the 14th century has some interesting notes explaining the Aristotelian text. In this paper we present his interpretation of passage V 7, 1134b18-1135a5 of the NE, where a distinction is made between natural and conventional justice. Even though Oresme is influenced by Aquinas, his commentary shows great independence of thought and is a very interesting example of the transition from the medieval to the modern world.

Aristóteles afirma que aunque los regímenes políticos varían de un lugar a otro, uno solo es en todas partes el mejor por naturaleza. Se analizan algunos problemas que derivan de esta afirmación, para mostrar que ella no significa que en el mejor régimen quede abolida la diversidad de formas polític..

In the "Ode to Man," in Antigone, Sophocles stressed the moral ambiguity of the technique. Since it can be used for both good and bad, it requires a higher guidance, one represented by divine law. This theme is taken up by Aristotle, but on a secular basis, with his idea that some things are right or wrong by nature. For Aristotle, the straight orientation of the technique does not depend primarily on knowledge of certain ethical rules, but on the formation (...) of character, since knowledge of what is good depends on the moral disposition of the subject. (shrink)

En el presente artículo se abordará, desde una perspectiva fenomenológica, el problema que llevó a Sigmund Freud a transitar desde la fisiología a la psicopatología, terreno en el cual va a dar origen al psicoanálisis. Este problema consiste en la constitución “patológica” de la experiencia del cuerpo. En esta línea se argumentará a favor del papel principal que este asunto juega en el origen del psicoanálisis y se expondrá la manera en que el mismo tema puede ser abordado desde una (...) perspectiva fenomenológica, que trasciende la alternancia entre las aproximaciones fisiológicas y psicológicas. From a phenomenological perspective, this article will try to deal with the problematic issue that forced Sigmund Freud to move from the field of physiology to the field of the psycho-pathology, which gave birth to the discipline known as psychoanalysis. These range of problems, deal with the constitution of a “pathologic” experience of the body. On this issue, it will be argued on the essential role it has in the origin of psychoanalysis and it will be shown how this same issue can be understood from a phenomenological perspective, which will transcend the dichotomy between a physiological and psychological approach. (shrink)

We report three experimental studies of reasoning with double conditionals, i.e. problems based on premises of the form: If A then B. If B then C. where A, B, and C, describe everyday events. We manipulated both the logical structure of the problems, using all four possible arrangements (or ''figures" of their constituents, A, B, and C, and the believability of the two salient conditional conclusions that might follow from them, i.e. If A then C , or If C then (...) A . The experiments showed that with figures for which there was a valid conclusion, the participants more often, and more rapidly, drew the valid conclusion when it was believable than when it was unbelievable. With figures for which there were no valid conclusions, the participants tended to draw whichever of the two conclusions was believable. These results were predicted by the theory that reasoning depends on constructing mental models of the premises. (shrink)

Ship-type identification in a maritime context can be critical to the authorities to control the activities being carried out. Although Automatic Identification Systems has been mandatory for certain vessels, if a vessel does not have them voluntarily or not, it can lead to a whole set of problems, which is why the use of tracking alternatives such as radar is fully complementary for a vessel monitoring systems. However, radars provide positions, but not what they are detecting. Having systems capable of (...) adding categorical information to radar detections of vessels makes it possible to increase control of the activities being carried out, improve safety in maritime traffic, and optimize on-site inspection resources on the part of the authorities. This paper addresses the binary classification problem (fishing ships versus all other vessels) using unbalanced data from real vessel trajectories. It is performed from a deep learning approach comparing two of the main trends, Convolutional Neural Networks and Long Short-Term Memory. In this paper, it is proposed the weighted cross-entropy methodology and compared with classical data balancing strategies. Both networks show high performance when applying weighted cross-entropy compared with the classical machine learning approaches and classical balancing techniques. This work is shown to be a novel approach to the international problem of identifying fishing ships without context. (shrink)

Desde la noción poliana de "ser además" este trabajo busca en la idea escolástica de hábitos entitativos de la persona una suficiente comprensión de la apertura de la persona humana hacia fuera y hacia dentro que propone la antropología poliana.